What is Conjunctivitis?
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear tissue covering the white part of the eye and the inner eyelids. It often causes redness, itchiness, a gritty feeling, and discharge. It can be either infectious or non-infectious.
- Redness in the eyes
- Itching or gritty sensation
- Bloodshot appearance
- Discharge or increased tearing
Types and Features of Conjunctivitis
There are various types of conjunctivitis, each with different causes and treatment methods. At our clinic, we diagnose and treat based on symptoms and test results.
| Type | Cause | Main Symptoms | Contagious |
|---|---|---|---|
| Viral Conjunctivitis | Adenoviruses, etc. | Redness, heavy discharge, tearing, fever | Yes (Highly contagious) |
| Allergic Conjunctivitis | Pollen, dust mites, etc. | Itchiness, mild redness, tearing | No |
| Bacterial Conjunctivitis | Staphylococcus, Pneumococcus, etc. | Discharge, mild redness, foreign body sensation | Yes (Contact transmission) |
| Dry Eye–Type Conjunctivitis | Tear deficiency, rapid evaporation | Dryness, gritty sensation, redness | No |
Caution: Viral Conjunctivitis
Viral conjunctivitis (commonly called “pink eye”) is extremely contagious and often causes outbreaks in schools and workplaces. If you experience the following symptoms, consult an eye doctor immediately and refrain from attending school or work if advised:
- Heavy discharge or uncontrollable tearing
- Accompanied by fever or sore throat
- Family members showing similar symptoms
Treatment Options
- Viral Conjunctivitis: No specific cure; managed with anti-inflammatory drops and infection control (recovery in 1–2 weeks)
- Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Treated effectively with antibiotic eye drops
- Allergic Conjunctivitis: Managed with anti-allergy drops or oral medication; environmental control also important
- Dry Eye–Type Conjunctivitis: Artificial tears, moisturizing drops, and lifestyle adjustments
Frequently Asked Questions
What’s the difference between contagious and non-contagious conjunctivitis?
Infectious forms are caused by bacteria or viruses and can spread. Allergic or dry eye-related types are not contagious.
Can conjunctivitis heal on its own?
Mild cases may resolve naturally, but strong or prolonged symptoms require medical treatment.
Can it spread to both eyes?
Viral forms often begin in one eye and spread to the other within a few days.
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